This subchapter covers the basic principles involved in and the current technologies used for producing copper by high-temperature smelting processes. Copper In the base case a typical copper concentrate containing 25% Cu is selected to obtain a matte grade in the smelter of 70% Cu using a 60% O 2 blow; the matte from this step is Process flow diagram illustrating the process flows
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Download scientific diagram Simplified copper smelting process. from publication: Coordination strategy based on hard-heuristics and price-updating scheme for copper smelting process |...Flash smelting and bath smelting are the major smelting technologies in copper production. Copper concentrates react with oxygen directly in the flash smelting process which has the advantages of high Metals Free Full-Text Development of Bottom
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Commonly, copper smelting routes including matte and black copper are used for e-waste recycling. In the sulfur-based route (primary copper smelting), copper matte (40%) and blister...20In this study, a technology-based mass flow model was used to evaluate Hg. 21emissions in the nonferrous metal (zinc, lead, and copper) smelting (NFMS) in 4and Copper) Smelting in China Supporting Information
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Download scientific diagram Process flow diagram of an ISASMELT copper smelter and acid plant (adapted from Roos and de Vries, 2005) from publication: Prospects for value 1. Introduction. Copper is an important nonferrous metal which has been used for thousands of years because of its superior physical properties, and its cost are increasing day by day due to the depletion of copper ore reserves [1].Today, most of the metallic copper is generally produced from sulphidic ores with pyrometallurgical routes Minimizing of copper losses to converter slag by a boron
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The roasting behaviors for chalcopyrite, copper slag, and pure copper compounds were investigated in a 0.5% SO2–0.5% O2–99% Ar atmosphere at 600°C. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, x-rayArsenic is the most important hazardous trace element in copper concentrates. In order to separate arsenic from the smelting processes, a pyrometallurgical treatment with additives was developedTreatment of high-arsenic copper smelting flue dust with high copper
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with World Copper Smelting By Thomas G. Goonan Abstract The U.S. Geological Survey collects, analyzes, and disseminates information about the material flows associated with mineral extraction and use. This publication focuses on the flows associated with the smelting of copper concentrates.Bottom-blowing copper smelting technology was initiated and developed in China in the 1990s. Injection of oxygen-enriched high-pressure gas strongly stirs the molten bath consisting of matte and slag.(PDF) Enhanced Productivity of Bottom-Blowing Copper-Smelting
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Yazawa A, Kameda M (1953) Fundamental studies on copper smelting I partial liquidus diagram for FeS-FeO-SiO2 system. Technol Rep Tohoku Univ. 18(1):40–58. CAS Google Scholar Yazawa A, Kameda M (1954) Copper smelting II solubilities of constituents of mat in slag. Technol Rep Tohoku Univ. 19(1):1–22In this study, the copper smelting process has been modelled using a mass and energy balance [13] implemented with equations for coefficient distribution parameters of copper, lead, and zinc.Phase diagram for the Cu-S system (Shishin and Decterov
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Keywords: copper smelting; bottom-blowing; SKS; slag; fluid dynamic 1. Introduction Smelting is one of the important processes in the pyrometallurgical production of blister copper in which copper–iron sulphides are oxidised to form molten matte and slag. Flash smelting and bath smelting are the major smelting technologies in copper production.After injecting biodiesel into molten copper slag at 1523 K for 4 minutes, magnetite was reduced from 31.6% to less than 0.6% and the viscosity decreased from 1.43 poise to 0.68 poise. This low(PDF) Magnetite reduction in copper converter slag using
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The iron sulphide, copper sulphide constitution diagram, Fig ure II,(2) shows their combining characteristics. It appears from this diagram that ferrous sulphide is completely soluble in cuprous sulphide in the liquid state. The melting points of the cuprous sulphide and fer rous sulphide are approximately 1130°0. and 1170°0.In top-blown copper smelting furnaces such as the TSL furnace, a single lance is installed from the top of the furnace, extending below the melt surface. A water model was used to reveal the multiphase mixing behavior in this submerged top-blown reactor (Zhao et al. Citation 2016). Different lance diameters and lance submersion Full article: Transport Phenomena in Copper Bath Smelting
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Globally, about 80% of copper is produced by concen-tration, smelting, and refining of sulfide ores.3) In the ore, copper, iron, and sulfur combine covalently to form sulfide phases such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2). During smelting of copper, silica (SiO 2) flux is added, which combines with iron oxide to form a fayalite slag phase (2FeOSiO 2).the copper smelting process that optimizes the process time and the deviation from the target copper matte grade. That approach uses a continuous-time formulation, and the A process diagram of the PSC is shown in Figure2. The PSC involves a sequence of actions and phases, which are executed in a sequential order, Optimal Scheduling of the Peirce-Smith Converter in the
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Reasonable slag type is the key to the smooth progress of smelting. In this study, the direct-to-blister smelting experiment was carried out on a laboratory scale using high-alumina chalcocite as raw material and using Al2O3–CaO–SiO2 slag system. The changes of the copper recovery with the ratio of CaO/SiO2 and the content of Al2O3 The base chemical system for copper smelting is Cu-F e-O-S-Si. Classic Yazawa diagram ( Yazawa, 1974 ) shows phase relations in this system as a function of P (O 2 ) and P (S 2 ).(PDF) DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF THERMODYNAMIC DATABASE IN COPPER
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Coppermaking from sulfide concentrates entails two major steps: smelting and converting. In continuous direct-to-copper smelting process these two steps are combined into one. The principal advantages of this process are: isolation of SO2 emission to a single, continuous, SO2-rich gas stream, minimization of energy consumption and step was 0.6 s. The chemistry of the copper concentrate and recycling materials was determined using x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy [7,11,12]. 2.3. Calculation Method In this study, the copper smelting process has been modelled using a mass and energy balance [13] implemented with equations for coefficient distribution parameters of Copper Flash Smelting Process Balance Modeling
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1. Introduction. The copper smelting industry is an important part of the traditional non-ferrous industry, as well as a basic component of the emerging communication and new energy industry (Dong et al., 2020).In the past 10 years, global primary copper smelter production has increased by more than 40% and showed an The primary production of sulfide concentrates includes smelting to copper matte or blister copper, conversion of matte to blister copper, and refining to copper. Smelting, converting, and fire-refining can use a limited amount of secondary materials. Molten copper can effectively dissolve many metals, from valuable noble metals to Recycling Free Full-Text Primary Copper Smelter and
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3.1 Phase Diagram Analysis of the Slag. FeO, SiO 2, and Fe 3 O 4 are the main phases of the copper slag based on the chemical analysis. The FeO-SiO 2-Fe 3 O 4 ternary phase diagram was selected to analyze the position of the slag component in the phase region, as shown in Fig. 3a. Based on the 10 sets of data provided by the bottom
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